Nile tilapia skin (Oreochromis niloticus) for burn treatment: ultrastructural analysis and quantitative assessment of collagen

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Nile tilapia skin (Oreochromis niloticus) for burn treatment: ultrastructural analysis and quantitative assessment of collagen Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Jul 28;123(6):151762. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151762. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) skin is a well-known biomaterial used as an occlusive dressing for burn treatment. It is also an inexpensive and important source of collagen. This study aims to describe the ultrastructural aspects of Nile tilapia skin, assess its collagen amount and organization, and compare quantitative methods of histochemical and immunohistoc hemical analysis (in all sterilization steps for use in burn dressings). One sample (0.5 × 0.5 cm) of ten different fish skins was divided in four groups: in natura skin (IN), chemical sterilization (CH), additional irradiation (30 kGy) (IR), and skins used in burn treatment (BT) to compare histochemical and immunohistochemical findings of collagen amount and describe ultrastructural aspects through scanning electron microscopy. The amount of type I collagen decreased during sterilization and clinical use owing to gradual reduction of immunostaining (anti-collagen-I) and decreasing fiber thickness of the collagen, when compared to type III (Picrosirius-red-polarized light). The collagen fibers were rearranged at each sterilization step, with a low collagen percentage and large structural disorganization in BT. The amount of type-I collagen was further reduced after BT (p < 0.05). Both the methods did not exhibit a quantified value difference (p = 0.247), and a positive correlati on (r = 0.927; 95 % CI = 0.720-0.983) was observed between them, with concordance for collagen quantification in similar samples, presenting a low systematic error rate (Dalberg coefficient: 6.70). A significant amount of type-I collagen is still observed despite sterilization, although clinical application further reduces type I collagen. Its quantification can be performed both by immunohistochemistry and/or Picrosirius Red reliably. PMID:34332229 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151762 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Extracapsular extension, pathologic node status, and adjuvant treatment in primary surgery patients with human papillomavirus‐mediated oropharyngeal cancer: A national hospital‐based retrospective cohort analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Extracapsular extension, pathologic node status, and adjuvant treatment in primary surgery patients with human papillomavirus‐mediated oropharyngeal cancer: A national hospital‐based retrospective cohort analysis Via Head & Neck Abstract Background The significance of extracapsular extension (ECE) and adjuvant treatment paradigm in patients with surgically managed human papillomavirus-positive (HPV+) oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is debated. Methods National, hospital-based, retrospective cohort study of 2663 patients pN+ HPV+ OPC who underwent primary surgery. Results Patients with ECE had a 1.74-times risk of death (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26–2.40, p = 0.001) compared to patients without ECE. Among patients with pN1, ECE-positive disease, risk of overall mortality was similar across treatment paradigms (surgery alone: ref; adjuvant radiation therapy [RT]: aHR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.36–1.85; p = 0.62; adjuvant CRT: aHR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.34–1.32; p = 0.24). Patients with pN2 ECE-positive disease treated with adjuvant RT alone exhibited similar risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.24–4.47, p = 0.96) compared to adjuvant chemoradiation (CRT). In patients with advanced, ECE-positive disease (e.g., pT3-T4pN2), adjuvant CRT did not reduce the risk of overall mortality relative to adjuvant RT. Conclusion Although pathologic ECE negatively predicts for survival in patients with HPV+ OPC, our analyses support expansion of postoperative de-intensification clinical trial eligibility criteria in patients with ECE-positive disease. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Current salivary biomarkers for detection of human papilloma virus‐induced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Current salivary biomarkers for detection of human papilloma virus‐induced oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma Via Head & Neck Abstract Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is a key risk factor and etiology for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). HPV-induced OPSCC is rapidly increasing in incidence, with men experiencing increased mortality. When identified at an early stage, HPV-induced OPSCC can be successfully treated. Diagnosis of HPV-related OPSCC relies on an expert physical examination and invasive biopsy. Since saliva bathes the oropharyngeal mucosa and can be collected noninvasively, saliva obtained via salivary risings is an attractive body fluid for early detection of HPV-induced OPSCC. A plethora of DNA, RNA, and protein salivary biomarkers have been explored. This review discusses these markers and their robustness for detecting oncogenic HPV in OPSCC saliva samples. Methods detecting HPV DNA were more reliable than those detecting RNA, albeit both require time-consuming analyses. Salivary HPV proteomics are a new, promising focus of HPV detection research, and while more practical, lag be hind nucleic acid detection methods in their development. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Using thermal effect of 970 nm diode laser to reduce nasal swell body

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Using thermal effect of 970 nm diode laser to reduce nasal swell body Via American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: November–December 2021 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology, Volume 42, Issue 6 Author(s): Sergey Karpishchenko, Mikhail Ulupov, Аida Gindryuk, Dmitry Kaplun View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Rapamycin promotes autophagy cell death of Kaposi’s sarcoma cells through P75NTR activation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Rapamycin promotes autophagy cell death of Kaposi's sarcoma cells through P75NTR activation Via Experimental Dermatology ABSTRACT The mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor (mTOR-I) Rapamycin, a drug widely used in kidney transplantation, exerts important anti-cancer effects, particularly in Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS), through several biological interactions. In this in vivo and in vitro study we explored whether the activation of the autophagic pathway through the low-affinity receptor for Nerve Growth Factor, p75NTR, may have a pivotal role in the anti-cancer effect exerted by Rapamycin in KS. Our immunohistochemistry results revealed a significant hyper-activation of the autophagic pathway in KS lesions. In vitro experiments on KS cell lines showed that Rapamycin exposure reduced cell viability by increasing the autophagic process, in the absence of apoptosis, through the transcriptional activation of p75NTR via EGR1. Interestingly, p75NTR gene silencing prevented the increase of the autophagic process and the reduction of cell viability. Moreover, p75NTR< /sup> activation promoted the upregulation of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor that modulates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In conclusion, our in vitro data demonstrated, for the first time, that in Kaposi's sarcoma, autophagy triggered by Rapamycin through p75NTR represented a major mechanism by which mTOR inhibitors may induce tumor regression. Additionally, it suggested that p75NTR protein analysis could be proposed as a new potential biomarker to predict response to Rapamycin in kidney transplant recipients affected by Kaposi's sarcoma. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

CT angiography prior to DIEP flap breast reconstruction: a randomized controlled trial

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader CT angiography prior to DIEP flap breast reconstruction: a randomized controlled trial Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Jun 12:S1748-6815(21)00309-0. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.050. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: CT angiogram (CTA) has become the preferred method for the planning of abdominal-based microsurgical breast reconstruction to gather information about location, number, caliber and trajectory of the abdominal perforators and to decrease overall flap dissection and operating room time. However, the high-level evidence to support its utility has been limited to nonrandomized retrospective and prospective studies. METHODS: Patients undergoing deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction were prospectively randomized to preoperative CTA and no imaging groups. Patient demographics, operative times, selected row and number of perforators for flap harvest, agreement in perforator selection between radiologist and surgeon, and clinical outcomes data were collected. Two-way ANOVA, Fisher's exact and Student's t-tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 37 patients with 63 flaps were included in this study. Seventeen patients had CT scan prior to surgery. Mean age was 50.5 ± 9.6 years. Flap dissection time was significantly shorter in the CT group (150.8 ± 17.8 vs 184.7 ± 25.1 min and p< 0.001). Although overall odds ratio (OR) time was also shorter in the CT group, this only reached a statistical significance in bilateral surgeries (575.9 ± 70.1 vs 641.9 ± 79.6 min and p = 0.038). Hemiabdomen side, selected DIEP row, and the number of dissected perforators did not affect the overall dissection time. Complication rates were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: This prospective, randomized study demonstrates that preoperative CTA analysis of perforators decreases flap harvest and overall OR time with equivalent postoperative outcomes. PMID:34332925 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.050 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Spectroscopic and microscopic comparisons of cell topology and chemistry analysis of mouse embryonic stem cell, somatic cell and cancer cell

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Spectroscopic and microscopic comparisons of cell topology and chemistry analysis of mouse embryonic stem cell, somatic cell and cancer cell Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Jul 29;123(6):151763. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151763. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT While embryonic stem cells and cancer cells are known to have many similarities in signalling pathways, healthy somatic cells are known to be different in many ways. Characterization of embryonic stem cell is crucial for cancer development and cancer recurrence due to the shared signalling pathways and life course with cancer initiator and cancer stem cells. Since emb ryonic stem cells are the sources of the somatic and cancer cells, it is necessary to reveal the relevance between them. The past decade has seen the importance of interdisciplinary studies and it is obvious that the reflection of the physical/chemical phenomena occurring on the cell biology has attracted much more attention. For this reason, the aim of this study is to elementally and topologically characterize the mouse embryonic stem cells, mouse lung squamous cancer cells, and mouse skin fibroblast cells by using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) supported with Electron Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques in a complementary way. Our AFM findings revealed that roughness data of the mouse embryonic stem cells and cancer cells were similar and somatic cells were found to be statistically different from these two cell types. However, based on both XPS and SEM-EDS results, surface elemental ratios vary in mouse embryonic stem cells, cancer cells and somatic cells. Our results showed that these complementary spectroscopic and microscopic techniques used in this work are very effective in cancer and stem cell characterization and have the potential to gather more detailed information on relevant biological samples. PMID:34333240 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151763 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.