In 2007, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified shift work that involves circadian disruption as probably carcinogenic to humans. However, until today the question ‘Are there causal relationships between shift work, circadian disruption and cancer?’ is open. Therefore, studies such as the one by Wendeu-Foyet et al1 are important to investigate this presumed association with potential high relevance for occupational medicine and public health. We agree with the authors that conflicting results in different studies could result from different definitions of shift work. More generally, though, we ask: Are epidemiological studies designed appropriately to identify associations between shift work and circadian disruption and cancer in diverse populations?
Obviously, epidemiological null results could result from the fact that there is no association between shift involving circadian disruption and cancer. On the other hand (as reviewed by Wendeu-Foyet et al), several studies describe at least a tendency towards an...
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